Aries Arditi, PhD
Senior Fellow in Vision Science
Dr. Arditi received his BA at Connecticut College (New London, CT) in 1973, and his PhD in experimental psychology at New York University in 1979 (Dissertation: The induced effect in binocular vision. Advisor: Lloyd Kaufman. Committee: Jean-Claude Falmagne, Bela Julesz, J. Anthony Movshon, George Sperling). After postdoctoral fellowships with Robert Sekuler (Northwestern University) and with Tony Movshon (New York University), he joined the Arlene R. Gordon Research Institute staff as an investigator, became Director of Vision Research in 1986 and Vice President of Vision Science in 1998. In 2000, Dr. Arditi left Lighthouse International to join the IBM Thomas J Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, NY as a Research Staff Member, where he worked on Web accessibility. In 2002, he returned to Lighthouse International as a Senior Fellow.
Interests:
- Visual accessibility of computers and the Internet
- Text legibility
- Color and low vision
- Reading and low vision
- Assessment of vision function
- Wayfinding
- Binocular vision
Professional Affiliations:
Dr. Arditi currently serves as President of the International Society of Low Vision Research and Rehabilitation and also as Editor-in-Chief of the journal Visual Impairment Research. He is a Diplomate (low vision) and Fellow of the American Academy of Optometry and a Fellow of the American Psychological Society. He is also a past President of the Low Vision Research Group, and has served on numerous government committees and panels.
Selected Publications:
Kaufman, L. & Arditi, A. (1976). The fusion illusion. Vision Research, 16, 535-543.
Arditi, A. & Kaufman, L. (1978). Singleness of vision and the initial appearance of binocular disparity. Vision Research, 18, 117-120.
Arditi, A., Anderson, P. & Movshon, J. A. (1981). Monocular and binocular detection of moving sinusoidal gratings. Vision Research, 21, 329-336.
Arditi, A., Kaufman, L. & Movshon, J.A. (1981). A simple explanation of the induced size effect in binocular vision. Vision Research, 21, 755-764.
Arditi, A. (1982). The dependence of the induced effect on orientation and a hypothesis concerning disparity computations in general. Vision Research, 22, 247-256.
Arditi, A., Kaufman, L., & Movshon, J. A. (1983). The induced effect: A reply to Mayhew and Frisby. Vision Research, 23, 665-668.
Arditi, A. (1986). Binocular vision. In K. Boff, L. Kaufman, and J. Thomas (Eds.), Handbook of Perception and Human Performance. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
DiLorenzo, J.R. & Arditi, A. (1987). Effect of artificial voice feedback delay in typing and its implications for the blind user. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers, 19, 283-285.
Arditi, A. (1987). The adaptive significance of the location of the optic disk. Perception, 16, 649-654.
Arditi, A. & Faye, E. E. (1987). Functional perimetry and visual space. Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System Technical Digest, (Optical Society of America, Washington, D.C., 1987), 87-4, 95-98.
Arditi, A., Holtzman, J.D., & Kosslyn, S.M. (1988). Imagery and sensory experience in congenital blindness. Neuropsychologia, 26, 1-12.
Katz, M., Citek, K., & Arditi, A. (1988). An instrument for measuring the modulation transfer functions of low power telescopes and telemicroscopes. American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Optics, 65, 190-197.
Arditi, A. (1988). The volume visual field: A basis for functional perimetry. Clinical Vision Sciences, 3, 173-183.
Katz, M., Yager, D., Lewis, A., Citek, K., Sanchez, N., & Arditi, A. (1989). Modulation transfer and contrast sensitivity through low vision telescopes. Applied Optics, 28, 1103-1109.
Arditi, A. (1989). Alternative representations of visual space. In Three-Dimensional Visualization and Display Technologies, Proceedings of the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, 1083, 242-245.
Arditi, A., Knoblauch, K., & Grunwald, I. (1990). Text density, eye movements, and reading. In Human Vision, Visual Processing, and Digital Display, Proceedings of the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, 1249, 38-44.
Szlyk, J., Arditi, A., Bucci, P.C., & Laderman, D. (1990). Self-report in functional assessment of low vision. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 84, 61-66.
Arditi, A., Knoblauch, K., & Grunwald, I. (1990). Reading with fixed and variable character pitch. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 7, 2011-2015.
Arditi, A., Laties, A., & Silverstone, B. (Eds.) (1991). Vision into the future: Toward a low-vision research agenda (Pisart Tenth-Anniversary Scientific Symposium Report). New York: The Lighthouse Inc. (62 pages).
Knoblauch, K., Arditi, A., & Szlyk, J. (1991). Effects of chromatic and luminance contrast on reading. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 8, 428-439.
Arditi, A., & Cagenello, R. (1993). On the statistical reliability of letter-chart visual acuity measurements. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 34, 120-129.
Cagenello, R., Arditi, A., & Halpern, D. Lynn. (1993). Binocular enhancement of visual acuity. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 10, 1841-1848.
Arditi, A. (1994). On the relationship of letter acuity to reading acuity. In A. C. Kooijman, P. L. Looijestijn, J. A. Welling and G. J. vander Wildt (Eds.) Low vision: Research and new developments in rehabilitation. IOS Press. Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 38-45.
Knoblauch, K. & Arditi, A. (1994). Choosing color contrasts in low vision: Practical recommendations. In A. C. Kooijman, P. L. Looijestijn, J. A. Welling and G. J. vander Wildt (Eds.) Low vision: Research and new developments in rehabilitation. IOS Press. Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 199-203.
Arditi, A. & Knoblauch, K. (1994). Choosing effective display colors for the partially-sighted. Society for Information Display International Symposium Digest of Technical Papers, 25, 32-35.
Arditi, A., Cagenello, R., & Jacobs, B. (1995). Letter stroke width, spacing, and legibility. In Vision Science and its Applications, 1, 1995 OSA Technical Digest Series. Washington, D.C.: Optical Society of America, 324-327.
Arditi, A. & Knoblauch, K. (1996). Effective color contrast and low vision. In B. Rosenthal and R. Cole (Eds.) Functional Assessment of Low Vision. St. Louis, Mosby, 129-135.
Arditi, A. (1996). Typography, print legibility, and low vision. In R. Cole and R. Rosenthal (Eds.) Remediation and Management of Low Vision. St. Louis, Mosby, 237-248.
Higgins, K., Arditi, A., Knoblauch, K. (1996). Detection and discrimination of mirror-image letter pairs in central and peripheral vision. Vision Research, 36, 331-337.
Arditi, A., Liu, L., & Lynn, W. (1997). Legibility of outline and solid fonts with wide and narrow spacing. In D. Yager (Ed.) Trends in Optics and Photonics. Series vol. 11. Washington D.C.: Optical Society of America.
Arditi, A., Liu, L. & Lynn W. (1997). Legibility of outline fonts. In Vision Science and its Applications, 1, 1997 OSA Technical Digest Series. Washington, DC: Optical Society of America, 324-327.
Arditi, A. & Liu, L. (1998). Visual acuity assessment: charts vs. computers. In Vision '96: Proceedings of the International Low Vision Conference 1996. Book I. Madrid, Spain: ONCE, pp.50-53.
Arditi, A. & Rosenthal, B. (1998). Developing an objective definition of visual impairment. In Vision '96: Proceedings of the International Low Vision Conference 1996. Book I. Madrid, Spain: ONCE, pp. 331-334.
Holmes, E. & Arditi, A. (1998). Architectural vs. path information in tactile maps of buildings interiors. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 531-534.
Arditi, A. (1999). Effective color contrast: designing for people with partial sight and color deficiencies. New York, Arlene R. Gordon Research Institute, Lighthouse International. Also available here.
Arditi, A. (1999). Making text legible: designing for people with partial sight. New York, Arlene R. Gordon Research Institute, Lighthouse International. Also available here.
Arditi, A. & Zihl, J. (2000). Perceptual correlates of neural visual disorders of middle and later life. In B. Silverstone, M.A. Lang, B. Rosenthal and E. Faye (Eds) The Lighthouse Handbook on Vision Impairment and Vision Rehabilitation. New York: Oxford University Press.
Arditi, A. & Brabyn, J. (2000). Signage, wayfinding and universal design. In B. Silverstone, M.A. Lang, B. Rosenthal and E. Faye (Eds) The Lighthouse Handbook on Vision Impairment and Vision Rehabilitation. New York: Oxford University Press.
Arditi, A., Holmes, E., Reedijk, P. & Whitehouse, R. (1999). Interactive tactile maps, visual disability and accessibility of building interiors. Visual Impairment Research, 1,11-21.
Arditi, A. (1999). Elicited sequential presentation for low vision reading. Vision Research, 39, 4412-4418.
Liu, L. & Arditi, A. (2000). Apparent string shortening concomitant with crowding. Vision Research, 40, 1059-1067.
Hall, E. & A. Arditi. (2000). Temporal frequency processing in very low vision. Visual Impairment Research, 2 (1), 43-48.
Liu, L. & Arditi, A. (2001). How crowding affects letter confusion. Optometry and Vision Science, 78 (1), 50-55.
Stuen, C., Arditi, A., Horowitz, A., Lang, M.A., Rosenthal, B. & Seidman, K. (Eds). (2000). Vision Rehabilitation: Assessment, Intervention and Outcomes. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Swets and Zeitlinger.
Arditi A. (2002). Web accessibility and low vision. Aging & Vision, 14 (2).
Arditi, A. (2004). Adjustable typography: An approach to enhancing low vision text accessibility. Ergonomics, 47(5), 469-482.
Goodrich, G. and Arditi, A. (2004). A trend analysis of the low-vision literature. The British Journal of Visual Impairment, 22(3), 105-106.
Arditi, A. (2005). Improving the design of the letter contrast sensitivity test. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 46(6), 2225-2229.
Arditi, A. and Cho, J. (2005). Serifs and font legibility. Vision Research, 45(23), 2926-2933.
Arditi, A. (2005). Enhancing the visual environment for older visually-impaired persons. Alzheimer???s Care Quarterly. 6(4), 294-99.
Arditi, A. (2006). Lapses in the verbal letter reporting task. Vision Research. 46(8-9) 1327-1330.
For further information about the Arlene R. Gordon Research Institute, please E-mail research@lighthouse.org.